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Понимание эллиптических предложений
Цель ЛР данного типа — развитие навыка восприятия и понимания на слух эллиптических предложений, типичных для устного неформального общения, что в первую очередь предполагает восстановление их грамматической формы. Мысленное восстановление реплики собеседника свидетельствует о понимании его ком-муникативного намерения и обеспечивает правильность оформления ответной реплики.
Данную ЛР рекомендуется выполнять после предыдущих лабораторных работ, поскольку восстановление пропущенного начала реплики психологически сложнее, чем прогнозирование ее конца. ЛР 10 целесообразно проводить в аудитории; вырабатываемый рецептивный навык желательно немедленно включать в диалогическое общение.
Структура ЛР:
1. Восстановление эллиптических конструкций до полных.
2. Краткий ответ на воспринятые эллиптические высказывания.
3. Краткий ответ на неоднозначные эллиптические высказывания, полную форму которых подсказывает контекст.
Рекомендуемое задание, вытекающее из структуры данной ЛР: Заполнение пропусков в «телефонном разговоре». Ответы на вопросы собеседника и сообщение дополнительной информации, чтобы поддержать беседу.
ЛР данного типа является аудиторной, аудитивной, устной.
Grammar Labwork 10: Understanding elliptical sentences
Part 1. Rationale and Directions:
When talking informally, people are seldom very careful about the way they talk. For instance, they often use incomplete sentences that are called elliptical. Instead of asking, Are you going for a walk? they will just say, Going for a walk? In order to reply correctly, you have to first reconstruct the complete sentence.
If the question begins with a verb in the first form, the omitted beginning is Do you .... E.g., the question Want some? actually means, Do you want some? The third form of the verb can indicate the Present Perfect Tense Form: Where is Jim? Gone down to the country already?It means: Has he gone down to the country already? Besides, if you hear the verb in the third form, it can also mean one's emotional state. If someone asks you: Still impressed? it means: Are you still impressed?The meaning is passive. Mind that in this case, there can be no object after the verb. Compare: Impressed him ? This elliptical question means: Have you impressed him? And, to finish with, a Present Participle either signals the Present Continuous Tense Form or characterizes the object of the utterance. Compare: Reading?This means, Are you reading? Thrilling? This means, Is it thrilling?
Listen to the following elliptical questions and reconstruct their complete form during the pause. There will be no more special sample, as you have just heard a number of them.
Part 2. Directions:
You will now listen to a sequence of logically related elliptical questions. Answer each one in a short way during the pause.
Part 3. Rationale and Directions:
Sometimes the form of the elliptical question can be treated in two ways, and then you have to rely on the context. E.g., the question Comfortable?cm either mean Is it comfortable? or Are you comfortable? The following example will help you get the exact meaning. Feeling cold? Move nearer to the fire. Wrap yourself into the blanket and have an apple while I am fixing a hot supper. Yes, that's better. Comfortable now? The last question means, Are you comfortable now?
Listen to the following utterances and give short answers to elliptical questions.
Extending the Activities:
Fill in the gaps in a telephone conversation. Answer the questions asked by the speaker and supply additional information so as to "keep the ball rolling".
— You didn't look well when 1 saw you this morning. What's the matter with you? Feeling OK?
— Well, it's quite natural before the exam. Want any help?
— Oh yes, I'll give you some good ones. You must read as much as possible. Ever heard of Thornton Wilder?
— Well, tastes differ. Just read it and see for yourself.
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